It is unclear to what degree Mars was terraformed at the time of its destruction in 2385, as it still had its distinctive red appearance. By 2155, the planet's atmosphere had been thickened enough that pressure gear was not required for humanoids to survive in the Martian lowlands, although thermal garments and a supply of oxygen were still necessary. A verteron array located near Utopia Colony would periodically redirect comets such as Burke into the ice caps, releasing trapped carbon dioxide and adding water. ( ENT: " Cease Fire")Īmong Humanity's first terraforming projects was Mars in the Sol system. The process was apparently completed by 2097. In the 2050s, the class D planet Weytahn was terraformed by the Andorian Empire to serve as a colony. The Illyrians did not practice terraforming, preferring to adapt their bodies to newly-colonised planets rather that disrupt or destroy their native environments. The " Murder Planet" in the Delta Quadrant was capable of changing its topography and foilage to manipulate potential prey, a process Zero likened to terraforming. For example, in 2370 the USS Enterprise-D participated in re-heating Atrea IV's planetary core, thus permitting the world to continue to harbor life. Terraforming could also be done on a smaller scale to correct an imbalance in a planet's geosphere or climate. ( TNG: " The Battle" display graphic, " Home Soil", ENT: " Demons", " Terra Prime") Terraformers accelerated the process as of 2364, it would only would take around 30 years to build a habitable world, compared to millions or billions of years in nature. Industrial replicators would allow for manufacture of large volumes of volatile compounds and elements critical for life (Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen, Ammonia, methane, etc). One of the key metrics of the process being successful was monitoring the amount of vegetation on the planet. As the biosphere expanded, higher order plants were introduced. Then, microorganisms were introduced as the first constituents of the biosphere permitting its atmosphere into self-sustaining oxygen production. If the water was hypersaline (meaning it had incredibly high salt content), portions of it could be desalinated to meet terrestrial and agricultural needs. This could be done using hydraulic landscaping, sometimes with the additional step of filtering and re- oxygenating the subsurface water, or by directing water-rich comets into the planet's surface. Next, water had to be be made available for life in water basins. Terraforming stations would then be established. Federation efforts at terraforming were coordinated by Terraform Command and ensured both that there was no life on the planet, and that it would never naturally occur without outside interference. Terraforming began with selecting a planet which had the right mass, gravity, rate of rotation, and balanced periods of day and night, and which were located in their sun's habitable zone.
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